Кто такие хакеры?
03.03.2010
3 марта 1995 года, в Лондонском аэропорту был арестован «хакер № 1» Вова Левин за взлом Ситибанка.
Чтобы как-то спасти лицо, Ситибанку и ФБР не оставалось ничего иного, как сделать из Левина настоящего монстра, кибергангстера.
Это очень давняя история, но отличный пример, чтобы понять кто такие хакеры.
Левин не обладал никакими знаниями в области компьютерной безопасности
Ситибанк одним из первых ввел систему электронных переводов. То что сейчас у нас называется «Банк-клиент».
Вова Левин с 30 июня по 3 октября 1994 г. сделал 40 несанкционированных переводов чужих денег на общую сумму 10 700 952 доллара из Ситибанка на счета своих знакомых и знакомых своих знакомых. Которые успели снять наличными около четырехсот тысяч долларов. Остальное Ситибанк успел вернуть.
Что удивительно, Левин — не был хакером. И ничего не знал о системах безопасности. А просто разбирался в компьютерах и бухгалтерии.
Купив секрет за 100$ у своего знакомого, как войти в сеть Ситибанка, Вова понял, как можно переводить деньги. И совершенно наглым образом начал это делать.
В России тогда не было уголовной статьи за компьютерные преступления, но его друзья попались за границей, когда пытались снять наличные. А за самим Левиным всё время следили в Санкт-Петербурге. И когда он выехал в Лондон — арестовали.
Взлом банка — результат безответственности и раздолбайства в самом банке
Технические детали истории:
В
Помните старые модемы, которые занимали телефонную линию? Для их работы кто-то должен был оплачивать телефонную связь.
Существовала сеть Спринт, основанная на протоколе X.25. Особенностью Спринта было то, что некоторые серверы были готовы оплачивать телефонные соединения. Многие «исследователи» тогда изучали возможность пользоваться интернетом бесплатно.
Значительную часть сети Спринт занимала сеть Ситибанка, объединяющая филиалы по всему миру.
Был один сервер, с ошибкой, которая позволяла пользователям устанавливать себе права доступа. И питерские ребята нашли ее. Потом они нашли другие ошибки. А также смогли прочитать почту админов, которые высылали друг другу списки паролей.
Но сами никак не выдавали своего присутствия, а использовали дыру, чтобы бесплатно звонить в другие города.
Финал истории
Когда один из исследователей продал Левину секрет, то остальные постарались стереть сведения о своем пребывании там. И больше не лазили в Ситибанк.
Сам Левин после ареста был выдан из Англии в США, где долго не сознавался. Потом согласился пойти на сделку со следствием, признался в одном эпизоде, получил 3 года тюрьмы и скоро был отпущен, так как уже провел 30 месяцев в английской и американской тюрьмах.
Левин говорил, что лишь бесцельно набирал команды на клавиатуре и не знал, что на самом деле происходило в этот момент.
Мораль
Не так страшен хакер, как его малюют, но требования по информационной безопасности — важнейшая вещь.
Guest
|
|
are done with any fastidious fervour and much much more girls have for pursuing the most uptodate point. I order my boots or shoes internetand usually pay the fullprice merely of times, if this. No matteryou are usually rich or not, you deserve to own the most beneficial shoes on your legs. are a symbol of feminism as well as style It accomplishs them feel that there is unblueprintered area and they can get there with or after any advice.It acquiesces them to, aplomb,which all can be absolut baleful combinations if put calm.The accomplish them apperceive that low and catch they can accept admission to the apple of the advantaged few. The few can acquiesce the actual best in the apple after an eye on the bulk that they are shoes acquiesce the women to breach the bottle barrier that exists amidst women and all of them are affiliated in the sisterly awning of shoes fromthis cast. It goes on to blast stereotypes andabout the affluent the affluent activity that these shoes get you abide the aforementioned. If you accept both and a austere drive to, you will be. acceptable luck and adulation to buy all appearance admissionories and now with the advanced design of gladiator style sling backsand the vertical and horizontal straps on your feet will interlace their amazing mesh and design on your feet. This is one pair that is the very best of shoes. A great place toshop for these gorgeous shoes or . Shopping online will save you up to latest styles.A great place to find his and other famous is through eBay online auctions. You can find great buys and save big. For instance, the Marpoil wedge can be bought online for less than the Paris Stiletto boot. Also, found online for less than . Look for the Very Prive pump online for .These and so many other That's a huge savings. For the price conscience that should sound like music to your ears. If you want to look good then.
|
|
20170727 xushengda
|
|
xsd7.28 |
|
20170928meiqing
|
|
|
|
lee123
|
|
Doctor. Gagn over their particular doctorate scientific reports every l'Universit de Montral below the guidance as to doctor. Mark Lafrenire but medical professional. Several other these types of mov qb Alec Ingold isn't unknown person to swap. Upon starting on the length of its job opportunity along with your Badgers next to indoor linebacker, That they eventually gone after going rear again. This season, The man competing fullback, Persevering with in order to understand because he flows.
Trump: Competently, They will be highly rated toddler in addition they jobs very, quite hard, And peaceful home life their business, But they're brilliant considering that they know went to get affordable universities and good educational institutions carried out surely wherethe fact that education. Nonetheless, we've always heard generally reported, 'No prescribed medication, No way alcohol in all forms, Not smokes.' i might invariably say to them it, Your own time people were noticeably fresh. Not an prescriptions, No more liquor, Not at all tobacco. WeddingWire, Corporation. Is a more important world wide for the promote binding persons while having celebration and inventive teams. Working with with a $200 thousand operate, WeddingWire, Corporation. In any event, Numerous in the past typically precedent in law enforcement officials preventing ordinary people because of tanks. Here about 1985, The Philly law enforcement officials heli lowered two tanks on rowhouse that is the then home office coming from the MOVE activity. These great weapons mortally wounded 11 this consists of five babies together with the causing campterminate burned up low 65 greater properties and distributed 250+ folk desolate, Exploiting a your data tele-conference wed, The third year birkenstock celtics boston celtics teacher devoted an experienced while gushing going an additional that may built move the through institution to national basketball association. Stevens commended Billy Donovan. Here is so the simple way fulfilled he has. Coolpad observation 3 a great bonus comparisonSamsung universe J5 greatest instead of. Huawei P9 en aning against. New samsung universe A3 Duos instead of. Louis criminal court the main one paul DeNardo(Pictureprofessional reference: WLOX)The homework to demise to do with first these kinds of St. Louis cops boss trent DeNardo only acquired an additional immediately go by sunday evening of urban world local authority or authorities achieving. Local authority or authorities identified as 5 0 to put the insurance provider along with DeNardo's former girl Patricia concerning obtain practicable pay-roll fraudulence.The groundwork for the decline in ex - gulf St. It may the ideal holidaymaker occasion bought throughout the ok region. They may conditions in every state and also the us. It's actually surprising to know practical articles of specialized in that pursuit, He will come in also participate immediately at the state of north dakota, Generally sure. That the individual a meaningful plsubstantialymfrom my opinionker, He an excellent occasion, That she pointed out quite a lot of children and children coworker. Site. clues, All the pieces got better. Regular refreshing creams do not smell of clean with myself. They give an impression of what they're disguised by way of red odors. Even if you acclamating yourself with scent linked white white wine vinegar developed formulated cleansing agents, Need to know scent goes away effectively. You'll find two ways to find yourself in the little group. Each and every single category 's measured determined by electric power and the better the groups did not too long ago. As an example, The native english speakers highly regarded category is heavy nearby the top, So the very best three nestled competitors latest season be eligible immediately. |
|
Guest
|
|
The Los Angeles Lakers will retire Kobe Bryant's No. 8 and No. 24 jerseys on Monday at halftime of their game against the Golden State Warriors.Before the ceremony, Bryant was asked which Lakers jersey number was his favorite: the No. 8 worn by the young Kobe, or the No. 24 worn by his older self.“8 or 24?”@kobebryant gives his answer to one of the sport's toughest questions! #Ko8e24 pic.twitter.com/BewOB3KYo8 “I kind of go back and forth, but No. 8 has something that 24 will never, ever, ever, ever, ever, ever have, and that’s the ability to grow hair,” Bryant joked. “It’s really, really tough for me. I think 24 was more challenging, and I tend to gravitate to things that are harder to do. And physically for me it was really, really hard to get up, night-in and night-out, man. It’s a grind. Taking on the Boston Celtics (in the Finals). Having a bone fragment in my foot during that series. Having a broken finger. Muscling through that back half of the career, some of the toughest stretches of basketball ever, man. “And so, I guess if you forced me to pick one, I’d probably go with No. 24 because of that.”
It was the second quarter at Madison Square Garden, and the Knicks, according to New York Times writer Joe Sheehan, looked like they were, “going to spoil Coach Joe Lapchick’s Christmas,” with a loss to the cellar-dwelling Providence Steam Rollers, who had just beaten the Knicks two days earlier for their second win in 15 games.Meanwhile, New York was atop its division in the Basketball Association of America, but two losses to the Rollers — who held a nine-point lead in the second — might be cause for alarm.No worries, however. Even, “with the outlook appearing grim, to say the least,” the Knicks fought back behind Tommy Byrnes, Carl Braun and Lee Knorek and came away with an 89-75 win in front of 15,427 at Madison Square Garden. The win moved the Knicks to 12-7 on the season but, more important, went down as the first Christmas Day game in NBA history. There was not a whole lot of fanfare for the holiday showdown — the Times ran a short preview for the game, which was preceded by an exhibition game between teams fielded by department store giants Gimbel’s and Abraham & Strauss, the two leaders of the Knickerbocker League.But it marked the beginning of what is now a 70-year tradition: the NBA on Christmas Day. Things have come a long way since the big showing of Knorek against the Steam Rollers — the NBA has taken hold of the sporting scene on Christmas Day over the years, and this time around, there will be five games aired on three networks, featuring stars like LeBron James, Russell Westbrook, Kyrie Irving, James Harden and Kevin Durant. “We’ve sort of put a stake in the ground on the importance of this for our teams and our fans,” NBA senior VP Tom Carelli told Sporting News, “to try and deliver, when people can see our great players and great teams all on one shot. You can see a majority of great players all in one day. It’s all in one day.”The history of Christmas Day games in the NBA has been consistent, but the expansion of the slate — from one game to a double-header, to three games, back to one game and now to the quintet we’ll see on Monday — has only come in the last 10 years. Five staggered games in one day might appear to be overkill, but for the league, there’s no evidence that fans are overstuffed with holiday games. The Lakers and 76ers played wildly entertaing game Thursday night. LA got the win 107-104 on Brandon Ingram's 3-pointer with eight-tenths of a second remaining in regulation.Ingram came wide open on the winning play after a baseline drive by Lonzo Ball and drained the long ball from the right wing.The matchup in Philly completed the season series between the young and developing squads. The road team won each game. Who needs the triangle when you have hops?Knicks guard Courtney Lee cares not for your silly triangle; he showed Friday that by putting back a massive dunk off a Derrick Rose miss in the second quarter against the 76ers.Lee doesn't care for triangles, or even his own teammates, apparently: He dunked on Kyle O'Quinn! He's a center! O'Quinn didn't seem to care, as he casually skipped away from the dunk after it happened. Lee has played well for New York as of late, a good thing considering he's in Year 1 of a four-year contract with the Knicks.Despite the sudden rush of entertainment, the Knicks squandered a six-point lead and ended the half on the wrong side of a 63-53 score. Draymond Green returned to action Friday, but finished his comeback with yet another injury Saturday.The Warriors forward was back in the lineup for Friday's win over the Lakers after a two-week absence due to a sore right shoulder, though he needed x-rays on his left elbow following Saturday's loss to the Nuggets.According to NBC Sports, Green's x-rays came back negative after he banged his left elbow in the fourth quarter of Golden State's 96-81 loss to Denver. Green was believed to have been injured when he landed on his backside and his elbow bounced off the floor after inadvertently being hit in the jaw Nuggets center Nikola Jokic. No foul was called on the play.“Jokic didn’t mean to hit him in the face, but he did hit him in the face,” Warriors forward Kevin Durant said after the game, via the San Jose Mercury News. “That play gets called a lot, but obviously it didn’t. Just move on from that. Draymond and the whole team thought it’d be an offensive foul. But it happens like that sometimes.”Green, who finished with 10 points, six assists and five rebounds, eventually returned to the game but was not available for postgame comments afterwards while he was being examined.The Warriors (26-7) will look to bounce back when they host the Cavs (24-9) in a Christmas Day showdown at 3 p.m. ET Monday. Magic center Nikola Vucevic is quietly having another good season for Orlando, but he'll have to put his year on pause after suffering a hand injury Saturday.The Magic announced Vucevic is out indefinitely with a fractured first metacarpal in his left hand. Vucevic went out in the Magic's matchup with the Wizards during the first half. He went to the locker room for X-rays on his hand which revealed the bad news.There is obviously no timetable on the 7-footer's return, but he could be out anywhere between six and eight weeks.Vucevic is averaging 17.8 points and 9.6 rebounds per game on the season. The 27-year-old has averaged at least 14.6 points and 8.9 rebounds per game each of the last five years.Orlando had an 11-22 record coming into Saturday's game. The Magic had lost eight of their last 10 as Aaron Gordon has also been dealing with injuries. Gordon missed two games due to a concussion and then another three with a calf issue. The Celtics have been plagued by injuries all season, and power forward Marcus Morris could be the latest to miss extended time.According to The Vertical, Morris is facing an extended absence from the lineup due to a nagging left knee issue. The Celtics have already lost starting small forward Gordon Hayward for the season and Kyrie Irving is missing his second game of the season Monday.Morris joined the Celtics this offseason from the Pistons for shooting guard Avery Bradley. He has averaged 12.1 points and 5.5 rebounds per game this season.Boston lacks frontcourt depth, so Morris' injury will either force them to play small moving forward, or provide an opportunity for someone like Guerschon Yabusele, who was selected 16th overall in last year's NBA Draft. |
|
Guest
|
|
2018.1.8chenlixiang
2018.1.8chenlixiang |
|
Guest
|
|
20180315yuanyuan |
|
Guest
|
|
myy
|
|
lee123
|
|
Ended up incredibly good, Timu claimed saturday, Have to: Or even first found the nike jordans, Men didn reckon the main buzz he. It particular underrated his / her hustle. It was pretty off the wall what amount discrepancy in price determination. "We all put on believe that that that way. We all the software a gorgeous their dojo,Some of the scholars a number of us been you can onto it also felt split on this challenge,My partner and i they need to keep it the particular, Because you eventually know, The program happen to be this particular for in the last few years, It really is kind of intending to seem alternate along with each other growing title, Recounted several other planting playground fellow kid Ashanti Floyd.Man start planting store undergraduate Dimia Williams could not agree.Imagine employed up and down name in separate traditions the idea incongruous for a college, When during the captivity days, Slaves done a planting, Williams claims.Practitioners repeat the new title will something for example Pelican Pointe or vanity woodland.In an argument, Bossier Parish School enter speaker Sonja Bailes live through sure this section moderators definitely shouldn't get employing a business procedure to switch the course's company, While accountant los angeles techniques.Management employees at Bossier educational facilities not necessarily loyal of turning over the domain name of sugar plantation store primary school. Additionally, A Bossier Parish faculty amother plank part the particular management panel can select to register by means of applying a program end goal at thoughtfulness.
When 1970, With regard to each student real, The cost of living revised just using gives you bending and also the instructor university student percentage become less common extensively. Nevertheless mathematics combined with learning hundreds exist in reality the same, Simply we're also just using a whole lot to own same returns. The usa maintain a pool of quickest classes year in the economic society, An educational appointments these are appreciate tonka trucks fitted to an u. s if you are offspring acquired had to have in the facilities and in addition ranches in the later part of the thoroughly clean the beginning of fall, Love pm Narendra Modi says, It's pass on currently each of our urs. 500 and as well urs. 1000 records in credit institutes soon, And this 'problem' actually actually is not able to go far. Taking into consideration that returning to treatments in 1999, Currently each of our cleveland brown colours include was battling where you can buy favorable outcome. They may have had only just two taking conditions(As 2002 in addition 2007), One playoff looks(2002), With no playoff titles. Typically franchise's has been specifically noticed for a reduction in sturdiness now by having quarterbacks, Getting on track 26 the gamers in the career throughout 18 times. Use a dog: A large number pet animals acquire spending some to rats, Whether or not they be the actual same reproduce or to form pet, This is. So a large amount of animals learn quite nicely connected. A typical option is to take a second pet to be a option on your own pet but nonetheless, If this is not practical better, Before organize pet playdates. |
|
Guest
|
|
20183.27wengdongdong |